All About of Chandigarh
- Area - 114 sq kms
- Altitude - 304-365 meters above MSL with 1% drainage gradient
- Geographical Location - Longitude- 760 47' 14E ,Latitude- 300 44' 14N
- Population - 9,00,635
- Population Density - 7,900
- Urban Population - 808515 (89.8%)
- Rural Population - 92120 (10.2%)
- Literacy Rate - 81.9%
- Average annual Rainfall - 1110.7 mm
- Temperature - Summer (max) - 45°C (Mid March to Mid June),Winter (min) - 3°C (Mid November to Mid March)
- Climate - well-distributed climate, with summer, monsoon, and winter
- Religion - Hindu, Sikh, Muslim, Buddhist and Jain
- Important Festivals - Baisakhi, Lohri, Gurupurab, Karwa Chauth, Dusshera, Diwali, Raksha Bandhan, Holi,
- Languages - Punjabi, Hindi, English
- Major Tourist Attractions - Sukhna Lake, The Capitol Complex, Rock Garden, International Dolls Museum, Government Museum, Gardens and Parks, and Art Gallery, Temple of Goddess Chandi, The Tower of Shadows
- Best Time to Visit - September to April
Chandigarh is a city and
a union territory in the northern part of India that serves as the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana. As a union
territory, the city is ruled directly by the Union Government and is
not part of either state. Chandigarh and adjoining cities of Mohali
(Punjab) and Panchkula (Haryana) are
together called Chandigarh Tricity.
The city of Chandigarh was one of the early planned
cities in the post-independence
India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design. The master plan
of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier,
transformed from earlier plans created by the Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and the
American planner Albert Mayer. Most of the government buildings and
housing in the city, however, were designed by the Chandigarh Capital Project
Team headed by Pierre Jeanneret, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry. In 2015, an article published
by BBC named Chandigarh as one of the perfect cities of the world in
terms of architecture, cultural growth and modernisation.
The city experiences extreme climate and uneven
distribution of rainfall. The roads in Chandigarh are surrounded by trees and
it has the third highest forest cover in India at 8.51% following Lakshadweep and Goa
.
The city tops the list of Indian States and
Union Territories by per
capita income in the country. The
city was reported to be the cleanest in India in 2010, based on a national
government study, and the territory also
headed the list of Indian states and territories according to Human
Development Index. In 2015, a
survey by LG Electronics, ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in India
over the happiness index.
The metropolitan of Chandigarh-Mohali - Panchkula collectively forms a Tri-city, with a combined
population of over 2 million. This is the first smoke-free city in India.
Chandigarh has been selected as one of the hundred
Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendr Modi's flagship Smart Cities
Mission.
1. SUKHNA LAKE
Sukhna Lake in Chandigarh, India,
is a reservoir at the foothills of the Himalayas, the Shivalik hills.
This 3 km² rainfed lake was created in 1958 by
damming the Sukhna Choe, a seasonal stream coming down from the Shivalik Hills.
Originally the seasonal flow entered the lake directly causing heavy siltation.
To check the inflow of silt, 25.42 km² of land was acquired in the
catchment area and put under vegetation. In 1974, the Choe was
diverted and made bypass the lake completely, the lake being
fed by three siltation pots, minimising the
entry of silt
into the lake itself.
